ALEXANDRIA, Va., Aug. 5 -- United States Patent no. 12,700,860, issued on Aug. 4, was assigned to Synopsys Inc. (Sunnyvale, Calif.).

"Voltage scalable fail-safe IO drivers" was invented by Ankit Agrawal (Greater Noida, India) and Shailesh Kumar (Nodia, India).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A voltage driver for supplying a supply voltage includes multiple PMOS transistors, multiple NMOS transistors, a pad, impedance divider circuits, NMOS clampers, PMOS clampers, a gate protection circuit, and a bulk protection circuit. A maximum of the supply voltage is N times a maximum of the drain-source voltage of each transistor. The pad is configured to receive a voltage signal for dynamically controllin...