ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 21 -- United States Patent no. 12,688,445, issued on July 21, was assigned to Spotify AB (Stockholm).

"Systems and methods for bias bounded sensitivity analysis of synthetic control models" was invented by Ciaran Gilligan-Lee (Dublin), Thanos Vlontzos (London) and Jakob Zeitler (Oxford, Great Britain).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Systems and methods for performing bias bounded sensitivity analysis of synthetic control models are provided. Bias bounds may be determined for a synthetic control model using data from the synthetic control model. If a difference between a synthetic control determined by the synthetic control model and an observed outcome are within the bias ...