ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 7 -- United States Patent no. 12,677,597, issued on July 7, was assigned to FUJIFILM Corp. (Tokyo).

"Piezoelectric laminate and piezoelectric element" was invented by Seigo Nakamura (Kanagawa, Japan) and Hiroyuki Kobayashi (Kanagawa, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A piezoelectric laminate and a piezoelectric element have, on a substrate in the following order, a lower electrode layer and a piezoelectric film containing a perovskite-type oxide. The lower electrode layer includes a second layer arranged in a state of being in contact with the piezoelectric film and includes a first layer arranged on a side of the second layer from the substrate, where the first layer...