ALEXANDRIA, Va., April 7 -- United States Patent no. 12,595,545, issued on April 7, was assigned to First Solar Inc. (Phoenix).

"Methods for perovskite device processing by vapor transport deposition" was invented by Le Chen (Fremont, Calif.), David Ho (Cupertino, Calif.), Xiaoping Li (San Jose, Calif.), Rick Powell (Ann Arbor, Mich.), Tze-Bin Song (Fremont, Calif.), Vera Steinmann (Menlo Park, Calif.), Aravamuthan Varadarajan (Fremont, Calif.), Dirk Weiss (Corvallis, Ore.), Gang Xiong (Santa Clara, Calif.) and Zhibo Zhao (Novi, Mich.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Structures and methods for manufacturing photovoltaic devices by forming perovskite layers and perovskite precursor layers using ...