ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 7 -- United States Patent no. 12,676,196, issued on July 7, was assigned to eMemory Technology Inc. (Hsin-Chu, Taiwan).

"Level shifter" was invented by Dung Le Tan Hoang (Hsinchu County, Taiwan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A level shifter which includes an inverter, first/second/third/fourth N-type transistors, first/second P-type transistors and a buffer is provided. The inverter inverts an input voltage to generate an inverted input voltage based on a first reference voltage. The first N-type transistor has a gate receiving the input voltage. The second N-type transistor has a gate receiving the inverted input voltage. The third N-type transistor has a source coupled...