Washington/Jerusalem, June 4 -- The recent spat between Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and US President Donald Trump over Lebanon has brought to light a particularly delicate reality for the Israeli leader, showing how his military options, and possibly his very political future, remain closely tied to a White House that does not always share his appetite for destruction and escalation.

While Trump and Netanyahu have maintained close coordination through the entirety of their war with Iran and have maintained frequent contact, officials on both sides have come to acknowledge that at some point, Washington and Jerusalem are going to see a divergence in their strategic priorities, with some within Netanyahu's circle believing that...