India, May 17 -- India's 'Bangladesh Conundrum' is surely a border management problem, but now it intersects with regime change in Dhaka, political shift in West Bengal and Pakistan's constant attempts to exploit the situation for asymmetric leverage against India.

India's eastern frontier with Bangladesh has been a complex strategic challenge not just since 1947 but even after and despite 1971. A 4,096-kilometre border that is among the world's longest and, in many stretches, notoriously porous.

What began as a post-Partition refugee movement followed by the 1971 humanitarian crisis has evolved into a persistent issue of illegal infiltration for India. Demographic shifts, illegal trade and extreme security vulnerabilities, India's "Ban...