India, April 5 -- India has, over the past 12 years, dismantled two of its most enduring armed security challenges, collapsing a Naxal (Maoist) insurgency that once spanned more than 100 districts and reducing terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir to its lowest operational levels in over a decade. For decades, these insurgencies operated on a model built around geography, organization, and distance from the state. By April 2026, that model has been systematically dismantled across two distinct theatres.

When Prime Minister Narendra Modi's BJP-led government came to power in May 2014, the baseline was stark. Left Wing Extremism affected 126 districts, forming a continuous arc from the Nepal border through Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha into...