New Delhi, July 21 -- WASHINGTON - The Canadian wine, hockey stick, and cement industries now have 30 days to calculate what 50% American duties mean for their US businesses. On Monday, Donald Trump signed an executive order imposing those duties on a broad range of Canadian goods, invoking Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 - a legal authority that has never been applied at this scale in the modern trade era, and one whose courtroom durability is entirely untested.

The order applies to hundreds of Canadian goods and, in a departure from every prior Trump tariff action, explicitly hits products covered under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement. USMCA, which Trump signed in 2018 as his replacement for NAFTA and which governs roug...