India, June 23 -- How Prime Minister Modi's 12 years changed India's tech story

In 2005, American journalist Thomas Friedman published The World Is Flat, a book that captured the optimism of an age when globalisation appeared unstoppable. Technology was dissolving borders, supply chains, and talent could move through digitally. India emerged as one of the great beneficiaries of that world. That could be seen for example Bangalore's technology parks.

For much of the next two decades, that was India's technological identity. We supplied services but owned a few platforms. We assembled products but imported the critical components. We participated in the digital economy, but largely on terms set elsewhere.

Today, however, the world that F...