New York, April 3 -- In the quiet village of Lenguruma in northern Kenya, Nolntulan knew something was wrong.  Her two-year-old son, Rashaei, was no longer the joyful, playful child she knew. For days, he cried without comfort. At night, he tossed restlessly. When he wasn't crying, he lay still on a sisal mat, weak and uninterested in the world around him. Even after giving him over-the-counter medicine, nothing changed.

Unwilling to take any risks with her son's health, Nolntulan sent word to the local Action Against Hunger team, requesting that someone come assess Rashaei's health condition. Patrick Lekirimui, a Community Health Worker, came quickly on his motorcycle to give a consultation.

Assessing Rashaei with a color-coded MU...