NEW DELHI, March 30 -- India is losing an estimated 1.5-2% of its GDP to a slow and inefficient dispute resolution system, legal experts said at the 9th Mint India Investment Summit in Mumbai last week. Panellists, including senior in-house legal counsels and law firm partners, said weak enforcement sits at the heart of the problem, raising the cost of doing business and deterring investment.

The inability to enforce contracts swiftly and predictably, along with delays, frequent adjournments, procedural hurdles and lack of subject-matter expertise, creates friction for companies and investors. As disputes drag on, capital remains locked up, value erodes, and the broader economy takes a hit.

"There is a study that it has cost us 1.5 to 2...