Kuala Lampur, Sept. 20 -- The Public Officers (Conduct and Discipline) Regulations 1993 [PU(A) 395/1993] apply to a member of the public service of the Federation (referred to as an officer).

PART II of the Regulations provides for the Code of Conduct for all officers. Under Regulation 4(1) an officer shall at all times give his loyalty to the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the country and the Government.

Regulation 4(2) then sets out what an officer shall not do - paragraphs (a) - (j).

Under paragraph (i), an officer shall not "be insubordinate or conduct himself in any manner which can be reasonably construed as being insubordinate".

What is insubordination?

In OP Malhotra's The Law of Industrial Disputes (6th Edn Vol. 2 at page 1153), the...