India, Sept. 30 -- Building reliable digital payments at India's scale requires planning for failures in infrastructure a company does not control, according to Razorpay's SVP of engineering Prabu Ram.

Speaking at Inc42's inaugural 'The CTO Summit 2026', Ram said companies must assume that disruptions can originate both within their own systems and in the underlying technology operated by other players.

"But in the case of any of us here, we don't own all seven layers," Ram said. "You have to build systems assuming that not just the layers that you control may break but also the underlying layers that you don't control may break."

Ram was speaking during 'The Architecture Of 10X: Engineering For India's Next Scale Curve', a panel moder...