India, April 14 -- A blood test looks simple - needle in, blood out. The vial is ready. Same with a vaccine. 

But, between the simple in and out, plays a complex chemistry of protein biologics. It is crucial in various other medical procedures, like OTC pregnancy test kits and cancer drugs. These are a class of molecules that most of us come across without ever knowing much about them.

They detect diseases, trigger immune responses and treat conditions by interacting with the body's biological systems. Sourcing them is not easy. They are expensive, technically difficult to manufacture, and the world depends on a small group of global producers. 

Complex biologics can cost over $500,000 a year, making them out of reach in many...