India, Aug. 17 -- The National Testing Agency (NTA) follows a multi-stage process to prepare examination papers, beginning with the creation of a large question bank and ending with the printing, packing and secure storage of multiple question-paper sets.

The process has come under scrutiny after NTA decided to re-conduct the UGC-NET examinations for English, Commerce and Sociology following complaints of "multiple errors" in the three papers held between June 22 and June 30. NTA said the "defects" in question papers were extensive and "cannot be cured merely by dropping questions after the challenge process" and that papers with such defects "do not meet the standards of fairness and error-free examination".

The re-examinations will be...