India, Oct. 22 -- It has been 30 years since CB Arun Kumar began working in animation and visual effects (VFX), a time when computer-generated imagery (CGI) and artificial intelligence (AI) were jargon rather than in common use. The filmmaker who won a National Award for his animation work says the criticism of the visuals of films such as Ramayana, Jailer 2, and Dada reflects growing confusion among audiences.

"When I started in the industry in the 1980s, exposure to visual material was highly limited," Arun exclusively tells Hindustan Times, adding, "The real problem now is whether AI is making content more engaging, and I fear not." The dean of communications, film and gaming at Pearl Academy talks to me about changes in the visual fi...