Pakistan, April 7 -- Walk into any university in Pakistan, and you will see students producing assignments, presentations, and theses that look so impressively neat and complete. However, beneath this lies a troubling question: how much real learning has taken place? The polished surface of academic work increasingly conceals a deeper epistemic compromise. Students claim they use AI to proofread, to refine, or to generate ideas. But the boundary between assistance and copying and pasting blurs gradually. The stage soon arrives when thinking and learning are influenced by the large language models (LLMs).

It is within this shifting landscape that the 2nd Riphah International Conference on Language, Literature, and Culture was organized on...