India, July 21 -- Scientists at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur have revealed how an experimental molecule called EP67 switches on an important receptor found on human immune cells.

EP67 is a candidate "adjuvant", an ingredient added to vaccines to make them work better. The finding gives researchers the first clear, close-up view of EP67 gripping its target, and hands them a blueprint for designing safer vaccines and new immune-based treatments.

When we catch a bacterial or viral infection, our immune cells release a small protein called C5a, which primes the immune system to fight back. But too much of C5a for too long leads to inflammation that is harmful and can damage healthy tissue. To prevent this, the body uses e...