United Kingdom, Aug. 20 -- Musicians are being "squeezed out" and "marginalised" by artificial intelligence systems that are reshaping the music industry without sufficient safeguards, researchers have warned.

A study from Queen's University Belfast found that artists and consumers are being "shortchanged" by the growing use of AI tools, automated bots and deepfake technology across streaming platforms, ticket marketplaces and social media.

Dr Katherine Pittalis, who led the research, said the UK's regulatory framework is "woefully lagging behind" other regions, particularly when it comes to transparency around the use of bots and malicious automation.

The study examined so-called "metric bots", which artificially inflate engagement fi...