ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 3 -- United States Patent no. 12,565,264, issued on March 3, was assigned to TOYOTA JIDOSHA K.K. (Toyota, Japan) and JTEKT Corp. (Kariya, Japan).

"Steer-by-wire steering apparatus" was invented by Hajime Kamimae (Okazaki, Japan), Yoshio Kudo (Machida, Japan), Tomoyuki Iida (Nisshin, Japan), Yuko Goto (Okazaki, Japan), Takahito Ishino (Numazu, Japan), Atsushi Ishihara (Sakurai, Japan) and Junya Miyake (Okazaki, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A reaction force actuator applies, during normal operation, a steering reaction force, which rapidly increases upon approaching an upper limit of a virtual steering range, to a steering wheel. During rapid steering in which a t...