ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 7 -- United States Patent no. 12,673,494, issued on July 7, was assigned to RICOH COMPANY LTD. (Tokyo).

"Liquid discharge head, head module, liquid discharge unit, and liquid discharge apparatus" was invented by Yukimasa Matsuda (Kanagawa, Japan), Keishi Miwa (Kanagawa, Japan) and Yu Watanabe (Kanagawa, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "A liquid discharge head includes a chamber substrate, a nozzle substrate, a damper, and a frame substrate. The chamber substrate includes a pressure chamber and a pressure generator to change a volume of the pressure chamber. The chamber substrate has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face. The nozzle substrate is di...