ALEXANDRIA, Va., May 12 -- United States Patent no. 12,624,224, issued on May 12, was assigned to PPG Industries Ohio Inc. (Cleveland).

"Systems for treating a metal substrate" was invented by Elizabeth S. Brown-Tseng (Gibsonia, Pa.), Joseph P. Kriley (Valencia, Pa.), Marvin M. Pollum Jr. (Pittsburgh), Masayuki Nakajima (Wexford, Pa.), Ljiljana Maksimovic (Allison Park, Pa.), Brian K. Rearick (Allison Park, Pa.), Adam B. Powell (Wexford, Pa.), David J. Fortman (Pittsburgh), Loubna Pagnotti (Wexford, Pa.), Visham Appadoo (Cranberry Township, Pa.), Edward R. Millero Jr. (Gibsonia, Pa.), Se Reyon Lee (Pittsburgh), Steven J. Lemon (Lower Burrell, Pa.) and Steven E. Bowles (Pittsburgh).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & ...