ALEXANDRIA, Va., Aug. 18 -- United States Patent no. 12,713,165, issued on Aug. 18, was assigned to NOKIA SOLUTIONS AND NETWORKS OY (Espoo, Finland).

"Modulation formats in optical networks" was invented by Yannick Lefevre (Antwerp, Belgium) and Michiel Verplaetse (Antwerp, Belgium).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "An optical line terminal (OLT) is configured to communicate with optical network units (ONUs) in a passive optical network. The downstream transmission from the OLT to the ONUs are organized in frames including segments, wherein a respective segment is modulated according to at least a first or second modulation format. The OLT is configured to: send, to an ONU, a request to estimate ...