ALEXANDRIA, Va., March 3 -- United States Patent no. 12,564,455, issued on March 3, was assigned to MAKO Surgical Corp. (Weston, Fla.).

"Systems and methods for controlling robotic movement of a tool based on a virtual boundary" was invented by Michael Dale Dozeman (Portage, Mich.), Patrick Roessler (Merzhausen, Germany), Gregory Garcia (Parkland, Fla.) and Jeremy L. Dunn (Portage, Mich.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Surgical systems and methods involve a manipulator that supports a tool and a control system to control operation of the manipulator and movement of the tool based on a relationship between the tool and a first virtual boundary. The control system operates to maintain compliance...