US Patent Issued to Henkel on July 21 for "Bismuth compositions for metal pretreatment applications" (Michigan Inventors)

ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 21 -- United States Patent no. 12,686,925, issued on July 21, was assigned to Henkel AG & Co. KGaA (Duesseldorf, Germany).

"Bismuth compositions for metal pretreatment applications" was invented by Donald Robb Vonk (Clinton Township, Mich.), Brian J. Marvin (Oakland, Mich.) and John L. Zimmerman (Taylor, Mich.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Provided are bismuth conversion coating compositions that deposit bismuth conversion coatings on a variety of metal substrates, methods of making bismuth conversion coating compositions, methods of depositing bismuth conversion coatings on metal substrates and articles of manufacture having metal surfaces comprising a bismuth conversi...