ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 2 -- United States Patent no. 12,490,644, issued on Dec. 2, was assigned to Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (Gwangju, South Korea).

"Solar cell upper electrode and manufacturing method therefor" was invented by Kwang Hee Lee (Gwangju, South Korea), Hong Kyu Kang (Gwangju, South Korea), Soo Young Jang (Gwangju, South Korea), Seok Kim (Gwangju, South Korea), Hyun Min Park (Gwangju, South Korea) and Jong Hoon Lee (Gwangju, South Korea).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Provided in one embodiment of the present invention is a solar cell upper electrode which is positioned on a photoactive layer and which includes a conductive polymer layer, wherein ionic liquid comes...