ALEXANDRIA, Va., July 7 -- United States Patent no. 12,675,246, issued on July 7, was assigned to Canon K.K. (Tokyo).

"Management system, method, image-forming apparatus, and server apparatus for replacing cartridges" was invented by Marehiko Hirajima (Kanagawa, Japan), Hiroyuki Munetsugu (Kanagawa, Japan) and Kazumichi Shimizu (Chiba, Japan).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "In a management system, an apparatus that is present in a user environment obtains a code that is specific to a device containing a consumable agent to be consumed for image formation or specific to a cartridge-type device insertable into an image-forming apparatus. A server apparatus that is present in a remote environment ...