ALEXANDRIA, Va., Dec. 2 -- United States Patent no. 12,485,283, issued on Dec. 2, was assigned to Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corp. (Valencia, Calif.).

"Closed loop stimulation based on response avoidance" was invented by Tianhe Zhang (Studio City, Calif.) and Rosana Esteller (Santa Clarita, Calif.).

According to the abstract* released by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office: "Systems and methods for closed-loop control of electrostimulation while avoiding, or maintaining a substantially low level of, evoked neural activity are disclosed. A system comprises an electrostimulator to deliver a stimulation pulse train, a sensing circuit to sense evoked responses to respective pulses in the pulse train, and a controller to detect an evoked...