India, Oct. 29 -- Right to freedom of speech and expression is a condition of democratic government itself.

Freedom of speech and expression occupies a foundational place in India's constitutional order. Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution guarantees to all citizens the right to freedom of speech and expression. This guarantee is not merely an individual liberty to speak or publish; it is a condition of democratic government itself. It enables citizens to question authority, exchange ideas, expose wrongdoing, participate in public affairs and hold elected representatives accountable. A democracy in which speech is formally permitted but practically deterred by fear, arbitrary restrictions or the threat of disproportionate punishment can...