NEW DELHI, July 3 -- India's ambitious push toward a 20% ethanol-blended fuel, known as E20, is facing significant backlash from vehicle owners and environmentalists who warn of mechanical damage, agricultural strain, and a lack of transparency in the program's rollout.

Since 2025, E20 has become the default fuel at the vast majority of petrol stations across India, part of a government initiative aimed at reducing reliance on crude oil imports, which cost the nation approximately $137 billion in the 2024-2025 financial year. While the government argues the switch promotes energy independence-or Atmanirbharata-and supports domestic farmers, the reality for many drivers has been marked by increased vehicle maintenance costs and mechanical...