New Delhi, Oct. 26 -- China and Bangladesh celebrated 50 years of diplomatic relations. On October 4, leaders from both nations, including President Xi Jinping and President Mohammed Shahabuddin, exchanged congratulatory messages. They highlighted a partnership built on mutual respect and "win-win cooperation."

An academic way to view this partnership is through the theory of liberalism. In international relations, liberalism is seen as a progressive idea. It argues that countries are not always in conflict; instead, they can cooperate for mutual benefit. Liberalism states that economic ties and international agreements build trust. This cooperation leads to shared growth and lasting peace. It is a "win-win" situation, not a "zero-sum" g...