KUALA LUMPUR, Sept. 4 -- Semiconductors are behind much of the technology people use every day, from smartphones and cars to bank cards, air-conditioners and the data centres powering artificial intelligence (AI).

Malaysia has been part of the global semiconductor industry for more than five decades and is now looking to move beyond its traditional strengths.

The country is particularly strong in the back end of the semiconductor supply chain - assembly, packaging and testing - but is seeking a bigger role in higher-value activities such as chip design, advanced packaging, semiconductor equipment and research and development.

So where does Malaysia stand today, and how is it trying to move up the value chain?

First, what exactly is a ...