India, July 14 -- Young people who vape or smoke cigarettes have reduced blood vessel functionality, breathing and exercise capacity compare to those who have never smoked or vaped, according to a study led by Manchester Metropolitan University.

Dr Azmy Faisal, Senior Lecturer in Cardiorespiratory Physiology in the University's Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, and the lead author of the study said: "In active, healthy young adults with normal lungs, both vapes, and tobacco smoking led to worsened exercise capacity, shortness of breath, and intense leg fatigue.

"Like smoking, our research indicates that vaping can lead to harmful changes to the blood vessels, lung efficiency during exercise and approximately a 15% reduction in ...