India, May 19 -- When a truck overturns on a highway, a bus crashes into multiple vehicles, or a delivery van hits someone in a crowded lane; the first reaction is shocking. The second is practical: who is going to pay for all this?

In commercial vehicle accidents, the answer is rarely simple, and it gets better only if a commercial vehicle insurance is involved. Unlike private cars, these vehicles operate inside a larger system, where drivers, owners, companies, and insurers are all connected. That's why responsibility often gets divided and sometimes disputed.

At the most basic level, it comes down to size and impact. Trucks, for instance, account for around 20% of road fatalities despite being a small share of vehicles. That's becaus...