India, Nov. 11 -- Though not part of the official UN Climate Meeting (COP30) Summit agenda, certain themes may linger on for the next two weeks, and eventually find themselves in the cover decision from Brazil's Belem.

These include the status of the Paris Agreement's lower limit - the 1.5 degrees Celsius (degC) goal, article 9.1 - which mandates that developed countries provide financial resources to assist developing countries, biannual transparency reports on what climate action has been taken and the contentious issue of unilateral trade measures.

This is the first time the UN has acknowledged that an overshoot of the 1.5 degC goal is now inevitable. But for the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), this is a red line for surviva...