India, Nov. 9 -- Bhai Dooj is usually associated with sisters putting a tilak on their brothers' foreheads and praying for their well-being. But in many Kayastha households, the day also involves another ritual. Families observe Chitragupta Puja, or Kalam-Dawat Puja, by placing pens, inkpots and account books before the deity. The practice reflects the community's traditional association with writing, learning and record-keeping.

In Hindu tradition, Lord Chitragupta is believed to be the divine record-keeper who maintains an account of every person's actions, both good and bad. Associated with Lord Yama, the god of death, he is believed to keep track of human deeds and their consequences.

Chitragupta is particularly revered by the Kayas...