Sri Lanka, April 28 -- ByErandathie Pathiraja

Sri Lanka's energy insecurity is structural, rooted in climate-volatile hydropower, fossil fuel dependence, and an ageing grid.

Solar adoption has grown quickly, but grid saturation and high storage costs limit further gains.

Low-cost policy fixes such as storage support, shared microgrids, daytime use incentives, and smart meters can strengthen resilience in the near term.

Sri Lanka has lived with energy insecurities for decades. Today, the crisis is a structural problem that is no longer limited to mere episodes. The country's electricity system sits at the intersection of three converging vulnerabilities.

Firstly, the system relies on a bimodal rainfall pattern that makes hydropower in...