Pakistan, Oct. 31 -- Currently, the world is taking action against carbon emissions and climate change, but it is short of what is expected. The gap between what scientists suggest with empirical evidence and what governments actually do is widening, resulting in a new and unsettling idea that has moved from climate science into serious policy conversations: deliberately cooling the Earth's temperature to counter the negative complications of climate change. Scientists call this solar radiation modification (SRM).

SRM is a technology used to reduce the amount of the sun's heat that reaches or stays trapped near the Earth's surface, rather than waiting for emissions cuts alone to bring temperatures down. This idea is being debated as a cl...