Pakistan, April 19 -- Migration in the 21st century has assumed an increasingly complex shape, shaped by global sociopolitical instability and economic inequalities. As noted by Golban (2019), migration today reflects a turbulent world order, where crises are widespread rather than localised. Globalisation and market economies have significantly accelerated migration trends; however, they have also produced a striking paradox.

Capital, technology, goods, and services move across borders with remarkable ease, yet when a poor human being attempts the same movement, he is restricted, criminalised, and often penalised. This contradiction recalls the critique of Karl Marx, who argued for the equitable distribution of resources regardless of c...