Nairobi, July 27 -- Lorries deliver thousands of factory-sealed and plastic-packaged products to supermarkets across the country daily. Boxes of cooking oil, milk, detergent, bottled water and packaged foods move quickly from loading bays to shelves.

Retail workers count deliveries, inspect damaged cartons and record invoices before customers see the goods.

Until this year, retailers were not expected to determine whether the manufacturers of those products had complied with environmental laws.

That changed when the National Environment Management Authority (Nema) began enforcing the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regime, a framework rolled out in November 2024 requiring manufacturers, importers and brand owners to finance and ...